The original Cushites were a Caucasoid people related to the Ancient Egyptians. Their exact ancestral genetic component is uncertain since their bones have not yet been subjected to ancient DNA analysis. The best inferred estimate available at the moment suggests that Somalis trace nearly 70% of their ancestry to them (probably in reality a lot more), as do the Afar and most other northern Afro-Asiatic speaking groups in the Horn (the right-most column):
http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/fet ... tation=PDF
http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/fet ... 04393.s017
Also, it was just discovered earlier this month that Egyptian Copts carry this same ancestral component, but without either the Arabian or Nilotic admixture that is present in the Horn. This newly found ancestral component is alternately known as the
Ethio-Somali or
Coptic component since it's mainly found among Somali, Ethiopian, Eritrean and Coptic Afro-Asiatic-speaking populations in Northeast Africa. However,
Eastern Hamitic would perhaps be a better name for it since it defines the Eastern Hamitic populations.
So if you want to know what the first Afro-Asiatic speakers in the Horn actually looked like, look no further than either the most Caucasoid present-day Horners or the average Copt:
[quote]Copts show a common ancestry with North African and Middle Eastern populations (dark blue), whereas the South-West cluster (Darfurians, Nuba and Nilotes) share an ancestry component (light blue) with sub–Saharan samples. The North-East cluster (Beja, Ethiopians, Arabs and Nubians) shows both components, although
the main component (~70%) is that detected in North Africa and Middle East[...] The North African/Middle Eastern genetic component is identified especially in Copts[...] Copts lack the influence found in Egyptians from Qatar, an Arabic population. It may suggest that Copts have a genetic composition that could resemble the ancestral Egyptian population, without the present strong Arab influence.
http://www.nature.com/srep/2015/150528/ ... 09996.html
This means that in antiquity as now, there was a large stretch of related Hamitic populations that inhabited Northeast Africa, from Egypt through to the Horn. The Puntites, who were ancestral to Afro-Asiatic-speaking Horners, were one of those early populations, as were the Ancient Egyptians and likely also the Meroites.
