Will Abdullahi Yusuf Step-down and Take Care of His Liver?

[Voltage]

Rebel, I don't pretend to be objective. I AM objective unlike you.



The Revolutionary Government's Achievements:

1. Enforcing the Somali Script for the Written Language which has been regarded as the greatest achievement in Somali History.
2. Campaigns against corruption, laziness, tribalism and cleanliness
3. Self-help schemes and crash programmes, ranging from sand-dune stabilization to tree plantings. Every Somali had to contribute as much as seven hours-per-week of their spare time to construct government designed projects such as roads, hotels, office buildings, schools and housing.
4. Establishing the First Somali University
5. Educating 70% of the Somalis within five years after the commencement of the Revolution. Regarded by the United Nation as one of the most successful mass-urban literacy campaign ever recorded.
6. Nationalizing the import of cereals, fuel, medicine, films, export of bananas, hides and skins which sky rocked the poorly underdeveloped Somali economy.
7. Centralising the budget system for the first time in Somalia history which lead to a unified budget, incorporating the former central and regional budgets.
8. Taking over foreign schools and banning foreigners from employment in posts that could be filled by Somalis.
9. Freezing of prices
10. Reducing rents
11. Entering Somalia into the Arab League in 1974
12. Creating security courts to solve tribal clashes
13. Expanding the Somali Army Force from 10,000 before the Revolution to 60,000.
14. Modernizing the Somali Air force
15. Establishing the Somali Navy force
16. Created the first Somali National Bank in 1971
17. Abolishing private educations which lead to a substantial expansion of the school population at primary, secondary, and university level.
18. Phasing out all private medicine and launching a nationwide immunisation program.
19. Establishing of the first Faculty of Medicine which meant that Somali doctors could now qualify at home.
20. Extending and modernizing hospital services.
21. A concerted effort was undertaken to improve animal health care. This lead to an establishment of veterinary stations to set up and improve the condition of nomad's livestock. Vaccinations against animal diseases were provided freely by the government and according to a Soviet observer, the inoculation of cattle increased by 100% after the Revolution.
22. Establishing training institutes for Animal Health Assistants. A step greatly admired by Julius Nyerere, an authority on African socialism, who remarked in 1974: "The Somalis are practicing what we in Tanzania preach."
23. Somalia, for the first time, become the first governor in the African Union
24. Modernising the Kismaayo, Berbera and Muqdisho airports.
25. Leading a war for liberation of our homelands in 1977 where we defeated Ethiopia and captured the place in mere months until Russia and Cuba intervened.
26. Established the first Somali Institute of International Studies, where it provided courses about the Horn of Africa and Afro-Arab relations within the context of studies in international politics, law, and diplomacy.
27. Established the Somali National Academy of Arts, Sciences and Literature, which was the second most important institution after the Somali National University. This Academy has provided Somali language dictionaries, grammar books, Somali History, researching Somali manuscripts and culture.
28. Established the first Somali National Library.
29. Improved and expanded the Somali National Museum.
30. Provided educational scholarships to potential students
31. Provide the best education to students that wanted to enter army by sending them to the best countries known for their military education.

There are many more achievements that I could list, but it would elongate the list, thus requiring more space.

A sample comparison statistics of both governments:

1. In 1969, before the revolution, 55,021 students were enrolled in all schools located in the country. In 1975, after the revolution, the number jumped to 240,550, which is an increase of 437%!!
2. In 4 years between the pre-revolution and post-revolution, there was an increase of 128% in elementary school enrolment which is equal to an annual growth rate of 32.1%.
3. Intermediate school enrolments increased 51% (21.8% annual growth rate). Secondary education enrolments rose overall by 63.8% (16% annual growth rate).
4. Before the Revolution, there were 6,412 secondary students of which 737 were girls. After 4-years of the Revolution, there were 10,500 students of which 1,773 were girls, considering girls; their enrolment increased 140.6% over the 4-year period.
5. Before the Revolution, there were 3 technical and 2 vocational schools in Somalia. After the Revolution (before 1978), there were 16 of them: 4 technical schools, 2 polytechnics, 3 nursing, 2 clerical, and 1 each for maritime, agriculture, animal husbandry, range management, and telecommunication technicians.
6. Before the Revolution (in 1969), there were 1,873 Somali teachers. Three years after the Revolution ( 1972-3) the number jumped to 4,486 teachers which was a rapid increase of 440% in teacher training.
7. Before the Revolution, there was not a single university in Somalia. After the Revolution, in 1972, a Somalia National University was established with five initial faculties (gradually expanded in 1974) in education, law, economics, agriculture, and the sciences were in operation. In 1974, faculties of medicine, veterinary, sciences, natural sciences, maritime sciences, languages and literate and fine arts were established.
8. Before the Revolution, intellectuals and academics still used the English or Italian terminological terms. After the Revolution, these terms were Somalized.
9. Before the Revolution, all textbooks and school books were written by foreign authors and printed in foreign countries. After the Revolution, Somalis had their own school and textbooks, written by Somalis and printed in Somalia. Between 1973 and 1976, the Ministry of Education published over 6 million text-books in Somali.
10. In 1975 alone, 1,180 class-rooms were built for primary education [8] [9] [10] [11]

Even the anti-Siyaad author Cabdi Sheikh Cabdi could not deny its achievements:

"It can hardly be denied that Somalia under its present leadership has achieved some impressive results. This is most apparent to someone, like myself, who had been out of the country for many years. A good number of ambitious projects have been started, and in part completed, under the military Government, including the rehabilitation and resettling of nomads who had lost their flocks during the 1974-5 Deba-Dhere drought. These destitute former herdsmen have been settled in farming and fishing co-operatives between the two perennial rivers of south-western Somalia. Other projects include the north-south tarmac highway, built with Chinese technical help, which connects the two main regions of the Somali Republic and thus has both economic and political roles to play. Other projects undertaken by the Barre regime, though less successful, have instilled a co-operative spirit and a work-ethic that had been woefully lacking in the Somalia of the 1960s. The germ of this new spirit is most discernable in the numerous revolutionary youth centres that have been established in recent years.

I recall having been very moved by one of the songs sun by orphan girls who had known no other home but such a centre, and no other parent but the state:

It is a time of pleasant suprises
When one journeys from a place of drought and desolation
to one of plenty and prosperity
There was a time
When I did not know my lineage
Now I have a father in [President] Siyaad.
A mother in the October Revolution
The flag is my uncle,
The land my grandfather,
The soil my grandmother[1]

The 60-69 Government's achievements:

1. Heavy corruption
2. High level of tribalism (e.g. In the 1969 elections, there were over 1000 clan-based candidates and over 70 parties for fewer than 130 seats.
3. It received the highest foreign aid per capita in comparison to other African states but there was practically little development projects to no visible improvement in the standard of living.
4. Hospitals were selling their medicines to local pharmacies
5. Government-owned cars were being used as taxis.
6. I.M. Lewis admits that in "the ten years of civilian government in Somalia, elections and competition for material resources in urban contents and in the national context greatly expanded the arenas of rivalry between clans and their segments, bringing in to sharp conflict groups which had previously never interacted, and hardly never knew of each other's existence"


I cannot list any major developments that this government achieved for Somalia despite the fact that it had two different presidents. There was practically no unity, not to mention the great moral decay.

Prior to the Revolution, where nothing was done to develop the country, the poet Maxamed Ismaaciil responded to this situation in a way that exemplified Somali people's deepest feelings:

"Oh! My friends the Somali Language is very perplexed;
It is all anxiety in its present condition;
The values of its words and expressions are
being gagged by its own people;
Its very back and hips are broken, and
it accuses its own speakers for neglect;
It is weeping with (deep) sorrow;
It is being orphaned and its value is vanishing"

The Caydiid-Cali Mahdi governments' "Revolution":

1. Mass-rapes
2. Genocide
3. Mass-looting
4. Destruction of cities
5. No semblance of governance
6. Drug and rape-crazed future Somali child-soldiers
7. Roadblocks
8. Anarchy
9. Chaos


Sources:
References:

[1] Revolutionary Change in Somalia, David Laitin, 1977
[2] Ibid
[3] The Pastoral democracy: a study of pastoralism and politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn, Ioan Myrddin Lewis
[4] Mohamed Ismail
[5] Mohamed Siad Barre, My Country and My People, Vol. 1 (Mogadishu, 1970)
[6] Speech in a meeting in Mogadishu of the OAU heads of state, 1974
[7] Revolutionary Change in Somalia, David Laitin, 1977
[8] The Times, 1982
[9] Somalia, 1986
[10] Reader's Digest News, 31 December, 1991



If you want more of the bibliographies just tell me kids.

[Somaliweyn]

Voltage,

Are we recycling the nonsense Warsame101 (your mentor) wrote a while ago, and ran away when I put him on the spot in this topic:

viewtopic.php?f=264&t=120042&hilit=comparative


It seems like you are suffering from amnesia. Let me refresh your memory and go to that topic above.

[Voltage]

Why the Revolution took place.

"Somali Corruption astounded even Afrophiles" and the "Somali prime minister [Egal] was playing ROULETTE in Las Vegas at the time of the Revolution":


















You kids are a joke wallahi! Do you think reality is what your family molds in their living rooms????

[Voltage]

Somaliweyn we are now in the third page and you have given me nothing to support why you hold contention with the fact I fittingly placed Addan Cadde dead last in term's of Somalia's three presidential achievements.

[Somaliweyn]

Voltage,

I do not like recycling stuff. You posted something your ex-mentor wrote who was MIA when I posted the topic above.

Do not flood this thread with recycled garbage from your ex-mentor. Keep it restricted to current affaires.

[Voltage]

From the very first post when you could not outline why you disagree with the fact I labeled Addan Cadde last, I knew you had nothing.

[The_Emperior5]

11. Entering Somalia into the Arab League in 1974

My ucle Cumar carte qalib made sure of that And made Somalia join Jamacatal al carab in 1974 when he was the foreing minister of Somalia . Marku ka jeediye Jeddda Khudbad aan caadii ahayn

[sadeboi]

Somaliweyn do not worry about it if warsame wrote it or not. State your case and show with evidence the achievements of Aden Cadde [aun]. Simple as that, the nonsense is not needed, like you stated in your now edited post!

[RebelLion]

Voltage

You still haven't learned much youngn. I feel this is getting redundant, and this will be my last post.

The 60's government was responsible for uniting all somali's, improving physical infrastructure, creating democracy and open political process and party rule instead of the clan domination that was the case under Barre. The SYL was responsible for creating somalia nationalism in NFD, Ogadeen, and all regions where somali's lived.

Yes there was some corruption, but corruption is expected in all governments and the SYL government under Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke(AUN) was on it's way to correct the corruption in the government.

Either way, there was a system in place and no government could hold on to power for a long period of time, and the will of the people was always paramount.

Also, because of the 60's government was responsible for creating a strong somali army, from 5000 troops army and expanded to 17000 strong army, the main focus of the 60's government was creating a strong somalia with a strong army and uniting different somalia and creating pan-somalism. They accomplished that and unfortunately, Barre and he's regime destroyed it.

If one looks at this objectively, it's easy to conlude that the 60's government did more good than barre regimes. And whatever the problems with the SYL government were temporary, while Barre's regime were permanent, and he had no future plans for the country.


Now let's look at the Siade Barre's:

Under Saide barre, There was massive corruption and nepotism, massacre of somali's based on clan and minorities like the somali bantu were forced to join somali army, blatant nepotism, weak economic policy and the majority of the economy was based on agriculture and remittance from gulf countries, many regions of somalia were largely ignored and are actually doing better of today(northeast somalia).

And his weak leadership in the ogaden war, and lack of diplomacy, he was embarrased by the soviets, the same soviets who sold him 'scientific socialism' and he parroted their ideology in somalia, and only for them to support Ethiopia.


This is concerning Somalia's economy under the late regime;

" The military coup of 1969 was popular at the beginning, and the new military leaders came up with new promises and agenda's.... The military leadership lead to a war with Ethiopia and the socialist development did not bring economic growth. By the end of 1970's, the consequences of the government failures in acheiving the two objectives left somalia with a grave political and economic crisis- from bad policy to chaos"

Domestic Policy Failure and Land Seizure

As the economic situation became increasingly dire and recurrent draughts continued to strain the country, Siad Barre's rule came to be marked by ruthless suppression of dissidents, mass jailing, bombing of civilian targets, and indiscriminate use of landmines. Instead of increasing his control over a steadily fragmenting nation, Barre's "Reign of Terror" only succeeded in fueling popular opposition and worsening ongoing clan warfare. During this time, political and economic risk takers saw it as an opportunity to forcefully displace minority Rahanweyn, Digil, and Bantu by seizing their land in the fertile Shabelle and Juba River Valleys. Alex de Waal describes this time of land-grabbing:

"The Rahanweyn, Digil, and Bantu faced great difficulties in registering the land they had cultivated for generations; Marehan kinsman of Siad Barre and other powerful groups were able to register large tracts of land with ease. If these lands were already cultivated, then the existing farmers were frequently forced off at gunpoint."

When Siad Barre kinsman and other powerful groups seized land in Somalia's "bread basket," they had no intention to continue cultivation. The seizure was only for personal economic gain. This broke down the traditional trade between farmers and pastoralists, because now pastoralists had nothing to exchange their goods for since large tracts of fertile land were not producing crops. Michel Chossudovsky states, "The entire social fabric of the pastoralist economy was undone." Furthermore, displaced farmers, disrupted trade, and draught set the stage for a famine of staggering proportions that claimed 300,000 lives by 1992. Another 1.5 million were in danger of dying, 30,000 died from clan warfare, and 1 million became refugees by fleeing to Kenya, Ethiopia, and Yemen."

Ramadan kariim, hopefully you will learn a few things.

[sadeboi]

Four hours and rebelion that is all you have managed to write? It embarrassing to debate with you walle. Where are you sources to back up the "good" the 60's governments did? You only managed to get two little paragraphs to put down The Revolutionary Government!

[RebelLion]

Sadeboy

I have plenty on Barre's failed government, it would take too long to post and I don't have the time at the moment. Another time, maybe. I got other things to work on at the moment.

[Kramer]

Voltage wrote: Addan Cadde was in power for two years.

----------------------------------------------
Did you just said Aden Cade was in power for only two years? may be that is why u questions Aden Cade achievent when you don't even know how long he ruled Somalia! Aden Cade was president for 7yrs, which was seven years of prosperity, freedom and unity. Unlike Said Bare who wasn't elected and who come by force and stayed by force, why would you even talk about corruption, when Said Barre's government was the most corrupt?
Let me give you some history of Aden Cade, as you made fool of yourself and questioned his achievenments, while you don't even know how long he was president of Somalia.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Aden Abdullah Osman:

H.E. Aden Abdullah Osman was born at Belet Weyne (Hiran Region). After receiving education at State Schools, he acquired administrative experience in Government oficies.

He subsequently devoted himself to his own business. In Febraury 1944, he joined the Somali Youth Club (subsequently called Somali Youth League), became a member of the party's steering board and in 1946 was appointed Secreatry of the Belet Weyne section of the party.

In 1951 the Regional Council of Mudug designated him for the Territorial Council on which he served uninterruptedly (up to February 1956) as the representative of the S.Y.L.

In 1953 he was appointed Vice-President of the Territorial Council. In 1954 he became the President of the Somali Youth League and remained office untill 1956. Re-elected to the same position in May 1958, he occupied this post simultaneously with the post of the President of the Legislative Assembly until 1st July 1960.

In 1956, when the Territorial Council was replaced by Legislative Assembly, he was elected member of the National Assembly for Belet Weyne District at the general political elections, and in meantime the Legislative Assembly appointed him its President.

In the 1959 general political elections, he was again elected member of the National Assembly, which again appointed him Presedent. He maintained this post when the Legislative Assembly was converted into the Consituent Assembly.

In his capacity as President of the Constituent Assembly, on 1st July 1960, he proclaimed the Independence of the Somali Republic and following the unification of the northern and southern territories - former British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland. The National Assembly chose him as Provisional President of the Republic for period of 1 year, and in 1961 re-elected him to the same mandate for 6 years.

He devoted his interest to legal, social and economic studies. Besides Somali, he speaks Italian, English and Arabic.

According to the Constitution of the Republic, the out-going President enjoyed life-membership of the Somali National Assembly (Article 51, paragraph 4).

[Somalian_Boqor]

My father worked under the office of finance for awhile in Siyad Barre Government. He wrote his own checks. Can't believe he left that job for some use less shit in Kuwait. Corruption in Siyad Barre Government was out of control.

[Somalian_Boqor]

Voltage ninyaho horta it was Abdirashid Cali Shermarke who was President for only two years.Adan Cadde Served the Country from 1960 to 1967.

You kids can utter what ever you want. But the History of Somalia can not be changed.

You see Somalia history after the erra of colonization so far can be divided into three parts and they are all tight to one another.

Stage 1: 1960 the Peope's Republic of Somalia was born. British Somaliland and Italy Somalia were United. Adan Cadde Elected President. Cadde Unified the Country. Somalias from all walks of Life gether in Mogadisu Somali Capital. The Foundation of Government is build under Adan Cadde.

In the 1967 presidential elections, Shermarke beat out Daar to become the second President of Somalia. He was sworn in to office on June 10, 1967.Adan Cadde steps down from Office. and Abdirashid Cali Shermarke takes office.

Stage 1 continued: Shermake continues the work of Somali Unity. The Foundation of Government becomes stronger under Shermarke. freedom of speech, Press and Assemble are enjoyed. Many political partys formed. After only two years in office On October 15, 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod with colleague Ali Mahdi Muhammad, Shermarke was shot dead by a policeman.His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup on October 21, 1969 the day after his funeral), in which the army seized power without encountering opposition -essentially a bloodless coup. The coup was spearheaded by Major General Muhammad Siad Barre, who was at the time the commander of the army.

Stage 2: The Siyad Barre erra: 1969 Siyad Barre takes office forcefully and declares himself the President of the Republic of Somalia. After many more assassinations, exils and imprisonment of key political figures in the country Siyad takes over a clean house. From 1969-1976 Siyad Barre continues the Politics of Adan iyo Shermake of Somali unity. Government reform was introduced by Siyad. Corruption was limited for the first seven year. After the 77 war with Ethiopia Siyad Barre started a campaign that would bring the Somali nation to it's nees and one that led to 91. The Divide and rule tactics is a classic Siyad policy and one that kept him in Power for 21 years. But the end result is he was given a united Somalia and left a divided poor and dieing Somalia. That is the legacy Siyad Barre has left for us. Right after his overthrow Somaliland declared independence. Mogadishu fail to Aiydiid Somalia iyo Somalinimo were left for dead.

Stage 3: Divided Somalia. From 1991 to 2001 Somalia has seen over 14 government that were formed but failed in their first year or so. Leaders that couldn't reach out to their own family members and sub-clans were elected President 14 times. They were all Hawiye. And not a single one of them could have taken on his own people to recapture the capital reunite the public. 2004 TFG emarged. His excellency President Abduallhi Yusuf was elected to Power. With a power base already in Somalia Yusuf went to work. From 2004 to the end of 2006 the TFG leadership tried all means nessary to bring those who held power together and to give in to Somalia newly found Dawlad. As the usual path Somali's take once they are ask to give up power. The clans Business men iyo Religious groups in Mogadishu united to Destroy the TFG. Having the Somali faith in their hands and not wanting to start a cival war the Somali Parliment called in it's allies from aboard and next door neigbor to help the newly found Somali Government deal with this newly formed organization that wish to destory the TFG.

The battle for Mogadishu has been won so far even though it's still on going but the battle for Somalia continues. The biggest obstacle that has faced the Somali nation in it's history is this one and the leadership that can take Somalia out of this and reunited the public and worked out of Mogadishu and bring back glory and prosperity will be the leader Somalia iyo Somalians shall never forget. Abduallhi Yusuf has a chance that has already been given to many other Somali leader who failed miserable. His Government is bringing end to it's Transional period. After 2009 will offically be a full government with a full force and a full international backing much more than today.


The TFG has put Somalia on the right track. It has brought back the Foundaton of Government that Abdirashid Cali Shermarke iyo Adan Cadde first created. It is trying to bring back the trust Siyad Barre's adminstration destroyed amonst Somalis.


Let the Truth be Told

[Somalian_Boqor]