TAARIIKHDA MAGAALADA MUQDISHO

[abgaalKING]

TAARIIKHDA MAGAALADA MUQDISHO.

MUQDISHO waa caasimada dalka Soomaaliya waxey kutaalaa galbeedka badweynta Hindiya, waa magaalo qurux badan oo indhuhu soo jiitaan, oo aay badweynta Hindiya kaga wareegsan tahay sadex jiho.

Waxaa magaalada Muqdisho dhidibada loo aasay waqti aad u fog oo aay taariikhyahanada isku qilaafeen in magaaladaas la aasaasay qarnigii 2aad ama kii 3aad ee taariikhda miilaadiga.

Muqdisho waxey ahaan jirtay xarun ganacsi iyo marin kala qeybiya Hindiya iyo yurub (inta aan la qodin kanaalka suweys) iyo jaziirada carabta iyo xeebta Afrikada bari Magaalada Muqdisho waxey ka koobnaan jirtay 6 xaafadood ama tuulo oo aay deganaayeen qabaail, xaafad kasto waxaa xukumi jiray Sheekh, xaafadaha waxey lahaayeen golaha odayaasha sida qaabka federaalka ah oo kulmiya dhamaan xaafadahaas loogana tashan jiray arimaha magaalada Qarnigii 4aad ee miilaadiga magaalada Muqdisho isku badashay nidaam ama maamul u eg saldanad.

MAGACAABIDA MAGACA MUQDISHO

Waxaa kaloo Taariikhyahanada isku qilaafeen magaca (Muqdisho) asal ahaan meesha uu kasoo jeedo, waxaa lasheegay in magaalada markeedi hore la dhihi jiray (Xamar) iyo magacyo kale oo lamid ah sida (Xamar jab jab) (Xamar Cade), waxaa macquul ah in magacyadaas dhamaan magaalada loogu yeeri jiray waqtiyo kala duwan aay magaalada qadiimka ah aay soo martay, sida isbadalada xaga qaabka dhismaha , degaanka iyo siyaasadaba Qaar kamid ah taariikhyahanada ayaa waxey cadeeyeen magaca (XAMAR ) uu horeeyay , laakinse hadana waxaa aay isku qilaafeen micnaha (XAMAR) , oo ah magac bulshadu aad u taqaan weliba dhanka suugaanta iyo maah maahyada , Soomaalida ilaa iyo waqtigaan aan ku jirno wey adeegsadaan magaca (XAMAR).

Micnaha (XAMAR) carabi ahaan waa (Alxamraa), qaar kale magacaas waxey ku macneeyeen oo sheegeen inaay ka timid kalmada (XIMYAR) oo aheyd dowlad Islaamka ka hor xukumi jirtay yaman , dowladaas waxey gacanta ku haaysay ganacsiga xeebaha bariga Afrika oo kamid ah magaalada Muqdisho,

Magacaabida magaalada Muqdisho waxaa lasheegaa in magacaas asal ahaan uu yimid kalimada (Maqcad Shaah) oo loola jeedo kursiga Boqorka ama micnaha kale meesha ku jira (meesha ugu wanaagsan ee boqorka fadhiisto ama xarun ka dhigto), sida lasheegay Muqdisho waxaa qarnigii 6aad ee hijriyada xukumi jiray faarisiyiinta marka soomaalida wey kari waayeen ku dhawaaqida (Maqcad Shaah ) waxeyna u badaleen magaca hada (Muqdisho) kalmada waa laba erey kala duwan ereyga Maqcad waa carabi ereyga labaad shaah waa faarisi oo loola jeedo boqor . maka taas maloo macneyn karo in magaalada aasaasideedi dadka faarisiyiinta aay qeyb ku lahaayeen , maxaa yeelay ereyada faarisiga aad ayaa looga isticmaali jiray magaalooyinka carabta iyo xeebaha soomaaliya waqti aad u fog Waxaa aay badi taariikhyahanada qireen in magaalada Muqdisho uu Islaamka soo gaaray inta aay magaaladaas soo shaac bixin , waxeyna soo soo shaac baxday baxday markii aay dadka magaalada dhamaan diinta Islaamka aay wada galeen oo aay noqdeen dad aad looga yaqaanp gobolka , taas oo keentay in dhamaan xeebaha Afika bari oo ka kooban (Zinjibaar ,Somaaliya , Jabuuti) loogu yeero Muqdisho Magaalada Muqdisho markii aay dadkeedi Islaamka galeen markaas oo aheyd qarnigii 1aad ee Hijriga, waxey noqotay darbiyadii adkaa ee difaacay Islaamka Afrika.

Qaar kamid ah taariikhyahanada waxey sheegeen in dadka asal ahaan u dhashay magaalada Muqdisho aay ahaayeen dad aay ku badan yihiin Culimada iyo raga diinta lagu yaqaan kuwaas oo horsed ka ahaa dhaqdhaaaqyadii fidinka diinta Islaamka ee Soomaaliya isla markaana dowr weyn kasoo qaatay in aay diinta Islaamka ku fido bariga , bartamaha iyo koonfurta Afrika, dadkaas firkoodi ilaa iyo waqtigaan waxey kunool yihiin magaalada Muqdisho ee qadiimka ah.

[abgaalKING]

IBNU BATUUTA IYO MUQDISHO

socday ku dhaheen ninkaan maaha ganacsade ee waa Faqiih , markaas ayey qeyliyeen dhalinyaradii iyagoo ku dhawaaqayay
ninkaani wuxuu marti u yahay Qaadiga magaalada.

waxey igu dhaheen waxaa caado inoo ah markuu magaalada yimaado Faqiiq ama Shariif amaba nin wanaagsan waxaa markiiba loo geeyaa Qaadiga magaalada si uu ula kulmo Suldaanka markaas ayaa waxaa ley geeyay Suldaanka magaalada oo aan la kulmay.

Ibnu Batuuta warbixintiisa wuxuu uga waramay qaabkii wanaagsanaa ee loo soo dhaweeyay iyo marti soorkii ee sadexda maalin ah ahaa ee aay reer Muqdisho u sameeyeen.

[abgaalKING]

wht is this problem?

[abgaalKING]

i cant post no more !

[Shirib]

The Omani Empire was a network of ports, held together more by shared commercial interests than by a state structure (Cooper 1977: 32) Guillan described Sa'id's authority over Banadir as 'seasonal'; it came and went with the monsoons when his ships were able to anchor (Guillan, 1856: III, 185). As far as Muqdisho was concerned, everybody knew the real power lay with Yusuf of the Geledi. Those merchants from Europe, Asia and America congregated in Zanzibar who directed their attention to the mysterious Sultan who controlled the inland trade routes.
Source: SOMALI SULTANATE. The Geledi City-State over 150 Years by: Luling, Virginia

Thus, by the latter part of the 19th century, the coastal and hinterland traditions had merged, and the centre of pressure had swung from the coast to the interior. In the north the ancient ports of Berbera and Seylac, much reduced in prosperity and importance, were now controlled by Somali nomads, and the position of the old ports of Marka, Baraawe, and Mogadishu was very similar. These towns had all been penetrated by various Somali clans, and the dominant political influence became that exercised by the Geledi clan ruling the lower reaches of the Shabeelle. Commercial and political links that provided an opening for European infiltration had, however, also been forged between these two coasts and the outside world. The southern coastal towns, on the other hand, acknowledged the overlordship of the sultan of Zanzibar, although the latter's authority was slight in comparison with that exercised locally by the Geledi Somali.
Source: Encyclopedia Britanica

"The port of Mogadishu (Mogadiscio) was practically autonomous as C. Guillian noted the Zanzibar's Sultans like his customs came and went with the monsoons. The hinterlands of Mogadhishu was controlled by the Geledi clan, who's sultan contracted alliances with many other clans in the region between Shabelle and Juba river. Through much of the century, the Geledi alliance dominated the ivory trade that ran from Luk (Lugh) on the upper Jubba to Mogadishu; the Geledi sultan also collected tribute from the agricultural clans, along the Shabelle river as far south as Brava. Only the powerful Biimaal clan situated in the hinterlands of Marka succeeded in resisting Geledi hegemony. The Sultan of Zanzibar sought to construct a fort in Mogadishu in 1870 he had to obtain approval of Sultan Ahmed Yusuf of the Geledi.
Source: General History of Africa IV. Africa in the 19th Century until the 1880's edited by J.F. Ade Ajayi

" Farther south on the Benadir coast, however, the Sultan of Zanzibar claimed jurisdiction as the successor of Omani rulers. His claim was established, but was forced to share power with the local Somali rulers. The governor of the Benadir coast resided in Brava, which was therefore more firmly under Zanzibar rule. Mogadishu, on the other hand, was really controlled by the sultan of the Geledi, and minor ports were in the hands of members of other clans"
Source: The Cambridge history of Africa: from c. 1790 to c. 1870 - Page 88
"When Christopher in 1843 and Guillen in 1847 visited Mogadishu, they found it more a Somali than an Arab town. In a population of about 4,000 there were only about 30 families of Arab origin and a few Indian traders. The rest were Somali, who had established themselves in the half-ruined houses of the Portuguese and greater Arab period. Unlike the Swahili of the southward towns, who were armed, like Arabs, with sword and dagger, these Somali carried spears and bows and arrows; and though they all professed to be Moslems and should therefore be able to read the Koran, they knew little or no Arabic. Mogadishu, in fact, was virtually an outpost of a Somali kingdom with a population of some 150,000 centered in the Webi Doboi (Shabelle) country. Its real master was the Sheik at Geledi, a warrior chieftain who at need could mobilize at least 20,000 spears.
Source: East Africa and its Invaders From the Earliest Times to the Death of Seyyid Said in 1856. by: Coupland, Reginald pg 333-334

"When Guillain arrived on the Benadir in 1847, it appeared that the Geledi Sultan maintained an authority all the way to the Juba"
Source: Patterns of trade and politics in the Somali Benadir, 1840-1885 By Lee V. Cassanelli pg 57-58

"The Geledi Sultunate which, from its strategic hold on the lower Shabelle river, controlled the vital trade-routes between the coast and hinterlands in the nineteenth century, and so dominated southern Somalia."
-Social and Cultural Anthropology in Perspective page 348